Figure Number

Caption

Subcaption

Image
(click on image for larger view)

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Additive color mixing

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Three-chip color camera systems to break colored light into its primary colors.

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part 1

RGB vs NTSC images. This RGB picture from a computer is sharp, and the colors are pure.

1 - 8
part 2

The same picture in NTSC looks smeared, the colors have changed some, and artifacts such as dark edging and MOIRE appear.

1 - 8
part 3

A closer look at NTSC reveals MOIRE, crawling colored dots along the edges of colors.

6 - 4

MOSAIC filter on a ONE-CHIP color CCD camera

6 - 7 part 1

A closer look shows the individual pixels in the display. The picture is fuzzier than a black-and-white viewfinder's, making it little help when you're trying to focus the camera lens.

6 - 7 part 2

Viewed at an angle, the color turns pale and green.

6 - 7 part 3

Problems using LCD VIEWFINDERS Color isn't very accurate or bright. Color is best when the screen is viewed head-on.

7 - 25 part 1

Camera filters (Courtesy of Cokin) Before using GRADUATED FILTER, sky is pale and washed out.

7 - 25 part 2

After using GRADUATED FILTER

7 - 25 part 3

Before using CORAL FILTER

7 - 25 part 4

Image "warmed" by CORAL FILTER

9 - 27

COLOR TEMPERATURE mismatches Outdoor light from our left looks bluish compared to 3200 degree K quartz light from right.

9 - 27

Common fluorescent light from our left mixes poorly with incandescent light from our right.

9 - 32

Colors on TV are slightly different from real life. This well-adjusted color TV monitor still fails to render colors exactly as they appear to your eye in the studio. Colors tend to fade and become bluish.

11 - 22 part 1

CHROMA KEY using blue Camera #1

11 - 22 part 2

Camera #2

11 - 22 part 3

CHROMA KEY

11 - 22 part 4

Camera #1

11 - 22 part 5

Camera #2

11 - 22 part 6

CHROMA KEY

11 - 22 part 7

Camera #1

11 - 22 part 8

Camera #2

11 - 22 part 9

CHROMA KEY

12 - 11 part 1

Good and bad colors for lettering and backgrounds Light yellow over blue background is visually appealing ...

12 - 11 part 2

... and also shows up well on black-and-white TV.

12 - 11 part 3

Green letters over a cyan (blue-green) background look awful and are also hard to see. Avoid colors that are near each other on the COLOR WHEEL or near each other on the rainbow or on the color selector continuum of your CHARACTER GENERATOR.

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Also when letters are the same brightness as their background, they disappear when viewed on black-and-white TVs as seen here.

12 - 11 part 5

Yellow over green or blue-green looks bad.

12 - 11 part 6

Yellow over red looks bad.

12 - 11 part 7

Green letters over blue background look bad ...

12 - 11 part 8

... and are saved only by the edging when displayed in black-and-white.

12 - 11 part 9

Saturated yellow letters may look okay in color but look bad in black-and-white.

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The COLOR WHEEL

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DUBNER CURSOR MONITOR in the SELECT mode for choosing colors and FONTS.

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Saturated colors look fuzzy, making lettering hard to read. Stick to pastels or white letters.

12 - 36 part 1

Compression ratios compared Matrox Studio high compression (level 1) stores 37 minutes of audio and video per gigabyte. Picture appears slightly blurry and blocky.

12 - 36 part 2

Close-up of screen showing high compression blockiness

12 - 36 part 3

Matrox Studio low compression (level 5) stores 11 minutes audio and video per gigabyte. Picture looks quite sharp and natural.

12 - 36 part 4

Similar close-up of screen. Blockiness is barely visible.

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COLOR BARS as seen on a properly adjusted monitor

15 - 23 part 1

SPLIT FIELD COLOR BARS help you adjust a color TV monitor having a BLUE GUN switch. COLOR BARS on a well-adjusted color monitor. Note: PLUGE was not activated on the generator for this series of photos.

15 - 23 part 2

Activating the BLUE GUN switch tells the monitor to display (sometimes in shades of blue, here in black-and-white) only blue parts of the picture. The bars and the corresponding boxes under them match in brightness (as if the bars were longer) when the colors are correctly adjusted.

15 - 23 part 3

CHROMA or COLOR turned too high, colors are too vivid.

15 - 23 part 4

High CHROMA with BLUE GUN switched on, causes the outer bars not to match the boxes under them. Reduce CHROMA or COLOR until the bars match. Hint: If the last bar is too light (compared to the box under it) reduce CHROMA.

15 - 23 part 5

CHROMA low makes colors faded, pastel.

15 - 23 part 6

Low CHROMA with BLUE GUN activated causes outer bars not to match the boxes under them. Increase CHROMA or COLOR until the bars match. Hint: If the last bar is too dark (compared to the box under it) increase CHROMA.

15 - 23 part 7

PHASE or HUE is misadjusted. Colors aren't exactly right, although you might not notice unless you had a good sense of color. A monitor with misadjusted HUE will make faces look noticeably awful.

15 - 23 part 8

Misadjusted PHASE or HUE with BLUE GUN activated. The bars should alternate light-dark-light-dark, but don't. Also, the bars fail to match the boxes under them.

15 - 23 part 9

Slightly misadjusted PHASE or HUE with BLUE GUN activated. Again the bars fail to alternate light-dark-light-dark, but the effect is more subtle. The non-matching boxes below the bars make the misadjustment easier to notice.

15 - 24 part 1

Viewing COLOR BARS through a blue lens Properly adjusted COLOR BARS on a color monitor, as seen through the blue lens of a Monitor Analyzer. The bars are evenly spaced and equal brightness.

15 - 24 part 2

COLOR BARS on a misadjusted color monitor as seen through a blue lens.

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Striped shirt causes moire and color flashing. Vertical stripes (chest) cause rainbows while horizontal stripes (sleeve) shimmer into moving stripes like a barber pole.